If you’re a first-time dog owner or have recently adopted a female dog, you might be surprised to notice bleeding or changes in behavior and wonder, “Do female dogs have periods?” The answer is yes — but it’s different from the human menstrual cycle. Understanding what’s normal during a female dog’s heat cycle, and when to seek veterinary care, is essential for your pet’s health and your peace of mind.
Do Female Dogs Have Periods?
Technically, female dogs do not menstruate in the same way humans do. Instead, they go into estrus, also known as being in heat. This is a phase in the reproductive cycle when the dog becomes fertile and may exhibit vaginal bleeding, behavioral changes, and physical symptoms.
Female dogs typically have their first heat cycle between 6 and 24 months of age, depending on their breed and size. Small breeds tend to start earlier, while larger breeds may begin later.
What’s Normal During a Dog’s “Period”?
During proestrus and estrus, it is normal for your female dog to:
Experience bloody vaginal discharge
Have a swollen vulva
Be more affectionate or clingy
When to Worry: Signs of a Problem
While mild bleeding and behavior changes are normal, there are some warning signs that should prompt a veterinary visit:
Excessive or prolonged bleeding (lasting more than 2–3 weeks)
Discharge with a foul odor
Lethargy or loss of appetite
Final Thoughts
Yes, female dogs do have periods — but it’s part of the estrous cycle, not menstruation as humans experience it. Mild bleeding, vulva swelling, and behavioral changes are normal signs of heat. However, if your dog experiences symptoms that seem extreme or unusual, it’s important to consult your veterinarian.
Knowing what to expect during your dog’s cycle and when to take action will help keep her healthy and reduce stress for both of you.
Learn More
For expert veterinary advice, visit Petniq